Forest animals
spe’uth | bear: black bear | |
spe’uthallh | bear cub | |
kw’uyutsun | grizzly bear | |
stqeeye’ | wolf | |
hwtl’uqtnuts | cougar | |
sq’eetl’ | otter: river otter | |
chuchi’q’un’ | mink | |
qeyux | mink (as trickster in stories) | |
tth’amuqw’us | sasquatch (giant sasquatch) | |
smuyuth | deer, deer meat | |
sumiyuth | deer (plural) | |
ha’put | deer (an old word ~ see smuyuth) | |
smim’yuthal’lh | deer: little fawn | |
smuyuthallh | fawn | |
st’it’le’ | fawn | |
q’uyi’uts | moose | |
kwewe’uts | elk | |
p’q’ul’qun’ | goat (mountain goat); goat’s wool | |
tth’upsi’athun’ | squirrel | |
xwil’ch’uqs | chipmunk | |
xuxp’itsun’ | chipmunk | |
squl’ew’ | beaver | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
kw’et’un’ | mouse | |
sxayukw’us | raccoon | |
puputth’in’ | skunk | |
pe’pu’iw’s | hairy animal, like gorilla | |
slhul’p’ul’exun’ | bat (animal) |
Salt water animals
Mammals
qwunus | whale | |
q’ullhanumutsun | orca, killer whale (blackfish) | |
kw’aant’ | dolphin, porpoise | |
tumus | otter: sea otter | |
tth’uyu | seal: fur seal | |
shes | sealion |
Fish
stseelhtun | salmon | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
the’wun | salmon: coho, silver | |
kw’a’luhw | salmon: dog salmon | |
xil’e’ts | salmon: dog salmon, after spawning | |
haan’ | salmon: humpback (pinks) | |
lhi’lhq’uw’s | salmon: jack spring salmon | |
slhqul’exun’ | salmon: side of wind-dried salmon | |
thuqi’ | salmon: sockeye; coho (smaller cohos which go up smaller streams) | |
stth’aqwi’ | salmon: spring salmon | |
sine’uts | salmon: tyee, spring salmon after going upriver | |
t’emukw’ | roe: salmon eggs | |
qwtaythun | sturgeon | |
kw’suts | trout | |
kw’uli’kw’suts | trouts: little trouts DIM | |
’eyt | cod, lingcod | |
t’q’as | cod: rock cod, black sea bass | |
xuy’xuy’tl’ | cod eggs (roe) | |
tl’qw’ay’ | milt | |
slhewut’ | herring | |
ts’um’ush | roe: herring roe | |
stsa’tx | halibut | |
tuqwtuqw | red snapper | |
stsa’kwum | smelt | |
sxuw’q’um’ | steelhead | |
skwun’ehw | bullhead (sea and fresh water) | |
kw’eets’ | dogfish (shark) | |
kw’uts’unulhtsu | shark | |
skw’e’ | eel | |
sxuy’usa’qw | fish head | |
slhqwun’u | fish cheeks | |
sxup’shun’ | fish tail | |
q’utmun’ | fin (fish fin) |
Beach creatures
s’axwa’ | clam: butter clam | |
skw’lhey’ | clam: littleneck clam | |
’ey’x | crab | |
’eyuxal’lh | crab (little, immature crabs) | |
musuqw | crab (Snuneymuhw) | |
kwukwatl’shun | crab: long-legged crab (edible in winter) | |
smul’sh | crab: soft-shelled crab | |
ma’mul’ | crayfish (sand crayfish) | |
kwun’eem’mun’ | scallop | |
sweem | clam: horseclams | |
lhew’qum’ | mussel | |
tl’uxwtl’uxw | oyster | |
xihwu | sea egg, sea urchin (large type, purple with long spines) | |
skw’itth’i’ | sea egg, sea urchin (small type, green with short spines) | |
thikwt | sea cucumber (red or black) | |
sqi’mukw’ | octopus | |
tumulqlh | clam: horseclams | |
qumine’ | abalone | |
s’eyuw’ | abalone shell | |
tth’uma’yu | barnacle | |
q’uye’mun | shell: sea shells |
Birds
Bird words
sxtth’um | down (feather down) | |
ts’usqun’ | feather (wing and tail feathers of the eagle) | |
skw’een’ | feather: black, split eagle feathers | |
shqw’ul’eshelu | nest: bird’s nest |
Songbirds — sqw’ulesh
skw’qequ | robin | |
qw’uqw’sutsun’ | swallow (the bird) | |
t’ut’um’ | wren | |
s-hwut | thrush: Swainson’s thrush | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
tth’utth’qaay’us | nuthatch, chickadee (blackcapped, mountain) | |
hum’a | pigeon | |
q’uleeq’e’ | crow | |
skwitth’uts | Steller’s Jay | |
piiq’ | night hawk | |
sxwut’ts’uli | hummingbird | |
tumulhupsum | redheaded woodpecker | |
ts’utum’ | woodpecker, sapsucker | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
tth’iqt | common woodpecker | |
miit’ | grouse: blue grouse | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
stihwum | grouse: like the blue grouse, but smaller and ruffled |
Big birds — thuthuws
yuxwule’ | eagle: bald eagle | |
ts’usqun | eagle: golden eagle | |
tsiitmuhw | owl: great-horned owl | |
spulqwitth’e’ | owl: screech owl | |
spaal’ | raven | |
tth’ihwtth’uhw | fishhawk, osprey | |
xuxumels | hawk (smaller hawk, various accipiter genus birds) | |
peeltth’ | hawk: snake hawk, largest hawk (possibly, grey hawk) | |
smuqw’a’ | heron: blue heron | |
lhuthnuts | cormorant | |
sliim | goose: wild geese (when in flying formation) | |
sliim | crane: sandhill crane |
Water fowl — ma’uqw
ma’uqw | duck, waterfowl | |
ma’uqwallh | duckling | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
tunuqsun | duck: mallard | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
sxul’ulwulh | duck: canvasback | |
xuxq’un’e’ | duck: bufflehead | |
hwuhwtsi’qw | duck: bufflehead; hooded merganser | |
qumut | duck: drake merganser | |
xwaaqw’ | duck: sawbill, merganser | |
s-hwuyum | duck: goldeneye duck (common, Barrow’s, American) | |
’a’a’ni’ | duck: long-tailed duck, old squaw | |
’exu | goose: Canada goose | |
xul’xul’ts’ | goose: Brant goose | |
tl’ekw’uxun | goose: emperor, snow, and white-fronted | |
qwuni | seagull | |
qw’uqw’tiq’ | seagull: small type, some are blackheaded | |
qwum’qwum | American coot (bird: mudrunner, fresh and saltwater)(111) | |
s-hwuw’qun | swan | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
swakwun | loon, fresh-water and saltwater | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
shhw’un’ets | grebe: horned grebe (similar to skwulkwulth but smaller) | |
skwulkwulth | grebe: long-necked diver; western grebe | |
sxeetth’ | murre | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
kw’al’hw | scoter: white-winged scoter |
Creepy-crawlies
Bugs
ts’um’ts’uyii | ant | |
xwuyxwuya’yu | fly (insect) | |
sum’suma’yu | bee | |
shum’sumuy’elu | hive: beehive | |
qwe’un | mosquito | |
mumuxelh | caterpillar | |
skw’ulwexe’ | butterfly | |
smuyuqw’a’ | ladybug | |
tth’utth’sh | dragonfly | |
mushts’un | louse | |
t’at’ulhum’ | flea | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
xusht’en’ | egg: flea or louse eggs | |
haputiil’ | cricket (insect) | |
q’usq’ustsin’ | spider–makes webs | |
qutqutts’ala’ | spider, black–doesn’t make webs, comes in spring | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
ts’usts’ustsin’ | spider, spiderweb | |
siiye’tun | spider: black widow (red-backed, hairy spider) |
Reptiles, amphibians, etc.
wuxus | frog: tree frog | |
sxu’enhw | frog: the larger frog | |
’ulhqi’ | snake | |
’e’ullhqi’ | snakes | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
stth’ukw’ | worm | |
pi’t-shun | lizard | |
hwukw’netsum | salamander | |
hwuhwuyim | leech | |
q’uyatl’un’ | slug (snail with no shell) | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
wuq’uq’ | snail (with shell) |
Domesticated animals
Pets
sqwumey’ | dog | |
sqwiqwmi’ | little dog DIM | |
sqwumqwumey’ | dogs | |
sqwumey’allh | puppy | |
sqwiqwmi’al’lh | little puppy | |
pous | cat | |
pish | cat (Snuneymuxw) | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
pou’ps | little cat DIM | |
pulou’ps | cats DIM | |
pou’ps’al’lh | kitten | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
Farm animals
chukuns | chicken | |
lumutou | sheep | |
neni | goat | |
kwushou | pig | |
mousmus | cow, cattle, beef | |
mousmusallh | calf | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
stiqiw | horse | |
hewt | rat | |
hehuw’t | rat: little rat | |
sququweth | rabbit | |
lul’puts | little rabbit | |
chukunew’t-hw | chicken coop |
Animal sounds
wuwa’us | bark (verb) | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
tl’ewuls | bark (verb) Snuneymuxw | |
huw’uw’us | barking | |
xi’num | growl | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
xixunum’ | growling |
Plants
General plant words
hwthuthiqut | forest, woods | |
saxwul | grass | |
shishuts’ | underbrush | |
kwumluhw | root | |
the’thqi’ | sprouts, shoots (from thimbleberries, salal berries, blueberries, or fern) | |
tth’e’lumutth’ | needles (of a tree) | |
tth’ul’ts’ | needles (of a tree) | |
sts’alha’ | leaf | |
sts’ushtutsus | branch | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
p’isuts’ | cone (pine cone, fir cone) | |
p’uli’ | bark: outer cedar bark | |
sluwi’ | bark: inner cedar bark | |
slhuqw’ | barked or pulled off material | |
tse’lumun | pole, sapling (wood) | |
sxe’muth | sap: running sap | |
s’ulnuts | stump | |
s’uyumutth’ | straight-grained (tree) | |
s’uy’emutth’ | straight-grained (tree) | |
qw’umut | uproot, pull it out (for ex, hair) | |
qw’um | uprooted (for ex, by the wind) |
Trees
thqet | tree | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
thuthiqut | trees | |
xpey’ | cedar: red cedar | |
pashuluqw | cedar: yellow cedar | |
xpey’tsus | cedar bough(s) | |
qwul’utsus | cedar boughs | |
ts’sey’ | Douglas fir | |
kwulala’ulhp | alder | |
qaanlhp | arbutus | |
qw’uyi’lushulhp | aspen: trembling aspen | |
t’a’hw | balsam | |
smuqw’iws | pitch: balsam pitch | |
t’ulum’ulhp | cherry tree (wild cherry) | |
qwa’upulhp | crabapple tree | |
qw’si’unlhp | cypress | |
tsuw’nulhp | cottonwood | |
kwi’txulhp | dogwood | |
p’tth’une’lhp | juniper | |
ts’alhulhp | maple tree | |
q’umul’ulhp | maple tree: rangy ones at higher altitudes, used for paddles | |
pene’ulhp | maple: vine maple, used for paddles on paddle shirts | |
p’hwulhp | oak | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
sxwelu’elhp | willow (for willow baskets) | |
tuxwa’tsulhp | yew | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
grasses and shrubs
saxwul | grass | |
q’uts’i’ | moss | |
tth’uxtth’ux | stinging nettles | |
xuw’xuw’iinlhp | thistle | |
sp’eq’um | flower, blossom | |
q’it’a’ulhp | honeysuckle | |
qel’qulhp | rose bush: wild rose | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
qel’q | rose: wild rose | |
stth’ulhp | orange blossom (a bush) | |
tl’ikw’un’ | pea (and wild pea); Indian tobacco | |
suqeen | fern: bracken fern | |
se’uq | fern root: root of bracken fern | |
tl’usip | fern: licorice fern (used as a sweetener) | |
sthxelum | fern: sword fern | |
xum’xum’ | fern: horsetail fern | |
sxu’enhween | plantain: broad leaved plantain | |
kw’ul’xeen | plantain: rattlesnake plantain | |
stth’e’qun | bullrush | |
qwa’pulhp | devil’s club | |
luluts’ulhp | Oregon grape | |
speenhw | camas |
Berries and their bushes
stth’oom | berry | |
sqw’iil’muhw | blackberry | |
stsi’yu | strawberry | |
st’ilukw’ | strawberry (Snuneymuxw) | |
st’ilukw’ulhp | strawberry plant (Snuneymuxw) | |
tsulqama’ | raspberry | |
t’uqwum’ | thimbleberry | |
lila’ | salmonberry | |
t’eqe’ | salaal berries | |
mal’sum’ | cranberry | |
t’ulum’ | cherry | |
tth’uxwun’ | chokecherry | |
sxwesum | soapberry | |
xwesumulhp | soapberry bush | |
t’em’hw | gooseberry | |
t’um’hwtsus | gooseberry bush | |
tth’uykwikw | elderberry: blue elderberries | |
tth’iwuq’ | elderberry: red elderberries | |
tushnets | saskatoon berry | |
tushnetsulhp | saskatoon berry bush | |
p’i’p’q’i’as | waxberry (snowberry) | |
sqw’uqwtsus | huckleberries (red huckleberries) |
Sea plants
Nature
Elements
qa’ | water | |
qa’qa’ | drink | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
kw’atl’kwa | salt water | |
xuytl’ulhqa’ | cold water | |
st’iqul’ | mud | |
tumuhw | earth, ground | |
suyq’ | clay | |
mumun’us | small rocks, round objects PL | |
kw’unt’als | stone: smooth black stone | |
pqwutsun | sand | |
pqwutsun’ | sand | |
saxwul | grass | |
tth’xut | gravel | |
sts’esht | stick | |
qwlhey’ | log | |
qwuqwilhi’ | logs | |
st’epi’ | log: rotten log | |
qwa’tsup | ashes | |
sqw’a’uytsup | soot | |
stl’eyuq’um | smoke (noun) | |
chikmun | metal; knitting needles; wire | |
sqw’ullus | copper |
Celestial
sum’shathut | sun | |
syaqwum | sun: heat of the sun | |
syaqwum | sun (Snuneymuxw) | |
thuqul’shetun’ | sunbeam | |
lhqelts’ | moon; month | |
lhuqul’ts’ | moonlight shining | |
kwasun | star | |
kwa’kwsun’ | star DIM | |
sthu’et | pitchblack night (no moon) | |
qi’xune’tun | shadow |
Geography of the land
smeent | rock, mountain | |
smem’nut | pebble, little mountain | |
smunmeent | rocks | |
pi’paam | peak of Mt Tzouhalem | |
shkwulhkwulh | face of mountain, (rocky)-bluff | |
tsa’luqw | upward slope (of the mountains) | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
tsul’tsa’luqw | up in the mountains PL | |
ts’eemtuxun | bare rocky mountain (for ex, Beacon Hill in Victoria) | |
spulhxun | field, clearing | |
tl’xwunup | hard ground | |
spkw’um | dust | |
xatsa’ | lake; swamp | |
xa’lutsa’ | lakes | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
p’aqwul | swampy (water recedes from flood until the ground is visible) | |
sheshum’ | shallows | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
shqaqul’ | puddle, pool | |
sta’luw’ | river | |
stulta’luw’ | rivers | |
statluw’ | creek (river DIM) | |
sts’e’shun | rapids | |
shxwoom | rapids | |
q’uy’uxum | whirlpool | |
tsilhus | steep bank, mound, steep place | |
’i’la’th | mouth of river |
Geography of the ocean
shqwun’u | ocean, big water | |
hwtuy’tiim’ | tide reverses against the waterflow (for ex, at the mouth of a river) | |
hwts’alum | tide turns | |
squm’il’ | tide: high tide | |
stth’em | tide: the outgoing tide | |
tsukwtsukw | low tide | |
shum’shum’ | low tide | |
tskwalus | low tide (very low, when the water goes way out) | |
sul’lits’ | high tide | |
tsetsuw’ | beach: down by a beach or river bank | |
lheel | shore: come to shore, go from centre to the side of the longhouse | |
lhulheel’ | shore: going ashore | |
tth’itth’uxwum’ | sandbar | |
s’ulqsun | point of land; spit (land) | |
s’uthnuts | bay (on fresh or saltwater) | |
qequm’ | calm spot in water, or calm when the tide is changing | |
sqequm’ | eddy, calm water | |
meyuqum | ripple (of water) | |
ti’telhnulh | wind goes against the water | |
sqtheq | narrows | |
skwthe’ | island | |
skwi’kwthe’ | island DIM (for ex, little island) |
Weather
sum’shathut | sun | |
shhw’ethutun | cloud | |
shhwun’was | cloudy | |
spu’ehw | foggy | |
pe’hwemtum | foggy, fogged up | |
sa’sxw | dew | |
slhumuhw | rain (noun) | |
sthuqul’shunum | rainbow | |
thuqul’shunum’ | rainbow | |
xuxun’ | frost | |
sthima’ | ice | |
spiw’ | ice Snuneymuxw | |
sthithuma’ | frozen, icy | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
sthimu’els | freezing weather | |
tth’al’xwum’ | shining, glistening (off of snow, ice, frost), shiny | |
sqwulqwalxw | hail | |
meqe’ | snow (noun) | |
yiq | snow (to snow) | |
yi’yuq | snowing | |
sme’muqe’ | snow (covered with snow) | |
pupeel’s | breezing | |
spuhels | wind (noun) | |
stsuhwum | wind (noun) | |
xetl’ | windy (stormy breeze) | |
xatl’thut | stormy, blowing hard | |
paal’exutun’ | wind that brings the birds (gale force wind) | |
satuts | north wind (brings ice) | |
s-hwuhwa’us | thunder | |
tth’ukw’tth’ukw’ul’ | lightening | |
tl’ehwum’ | warm (weather, blanket, room) | |
xuytl’ | cold |